California Fluoroscopy Supervisor and Operator Practice Test

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• When moving the image intensifier away from the patient in a fluoroscopic system with automatic brightness control, what happens to patient dose?
• What is the minimum target-to-skin distance required in imaging?
• Which technique is used to prevent the flicker effect during the viewing of a television image?
• What term describes statistical fluctuations in a radiographic image that result in a grainy appearance?
• Which of the following best describes the term "absorbed dose"?
• During fluoroscopic procedures, where does the greatest amount of scattered radiation typically originate?
• What is the effect of increasing the peak kilovoltage on the x-ray beam?
• Which radiation is referred to as leakage radiation?
• What is one characteristic of the "boost" position in fluoroscopy?
• One television frame is equal to how many television fields?
• Which of the following is an advantage of using a film badge?
• What does the term 'minification' refer to in radiography?
• Which of the following is a basic provision regarding mobile fluoroscopy?
• If 3 gm of tissue absorb 30 ergs of x-ray energy, what is the dose?
• A system with a 9" input screen and a 1" output screen increases brightness by how many times?
• Which of the following is considered an unintentional source of radiation exposure in fluoroscopy?
• What is the term for the electronic signal that carries information from the television camera to the monitor?
• Which element of an image intensifier enhances brightness?
• In television technology, what does the term "video signal" refer to?
• In a 5-inch type tube, what is the result of a reduction of 5 inches to 1 inch?
• How does increasing the size of the output screen relative to the input screen affect image brightness?
• What type of artifact might occur if the image intensifier is not functioning properly during fluoroscopy?
• What device is located between the image intensifier and the television camera system to maintain brightness?
• The genetically significant dose takes which factors into account?
• The output phosphor of most modern intensifiers is made of:
• What measurement signifies a significant increase in safety for fluoroscopy operators and patients?
• What part of the electromagnetic spectrum can humans see?
• Scintillation affects which aspect of an image?
• Which of the following describes the usage of the 'boost' position in fluoroscopy?
• The random pattern of scattered radiation that results in an appearance of "snow" or "crawling ants" is known as:
• Which of the following is not an optimum factor for patient protection during fluoroscopic procedures?
• What happens to the radiation field at the tabletop when the image intensifier is moved closer to the patient?
• What is the primary focus of a quality assurance program in fluoroscopy?
• What is the primary purpose of a protection curtain in fluoroscopy?
• What does the acronym ABC stand for in relation to fluoroscopic equipment?
• Increasing fluoroscopy x-ray tube current in mA will primarily affect which of the following aspects?
• What type of exposure switch is required for all fluoroscopy machines?
• What does the target assembly of a television camera tube consist of?
• The intensity of radiation from a fluoroscopic x-ray tube decreases as which factor increases?
• What is the primary reason for using image intensified fluoroscopy?
• Measurements of tabletop or patient exposure rates of Fluoro units using automatic exposure controls shall be made at least once how often?
• What does the output screen of an image intensifier convert?
• What is scintillation proportional to in the input fluorescent layer?
• What component of the television monitor is responsible for reproducing the image from the camera tube?
• If a Fluoro operator is wearing protective apparel during a fluoroscopic procedure, what percentage of exposure reduction from scattered radiation can be achieved?
• What is the approximate resolution of cesium iodide image tubes?
• Which component produces a narrow, collimated electron beam in a cathode ray tube?
• An absorbed dose of 16 millirads is documented during a fluoroscopic procedure. What is the dose equivalent to the operator?
• What does using a video disc recorder in conjunction with fluoroscopy accomplish?
• At what distance does a specific x-ray tube deliver a radiation output of 4 mR/mAs?
• How does the camera lens function in a television camera system?
• When considering radiation safety, what filtration thickness is generally acceptable for patient protection during fluoroscopy?
• Which factor principally limits horizontal television resolution?
• If fluoroscopic operators double the exposure time, how will it affect the exposure to the patient?
• Which parameter contributes most significantly to image quality during fluoroscopy?
• How long does it typically take for the fluoroscopic table to transition from a horizontal to a vertical position?
• The intensity of the x-ray beam at the table top of a fluoroscope should not exceed what value for each mA of tube current operating at 80 kVp?
• In fluoroscopic procedures where actual motion observation is unnecessary, which device can significantly reduce patient exposure?
• In an image intensifier, what results from the reduction in image size at the output phosphor?
• What does the roentgen measure?
• Which component in a television camera tube can be described as a component that enhances light sensitivity?
• What type of image does the input screen of a television camera tube convert light images from the image intensifier into?
• Which of the following is NOT a type of television camera tube?
• What is the potential consequence of exceeding the established dose limits for radiation exposure?
• Which material is primarily used in the construction of the input phosphor in an image intensifier?
• What is the function of the deflecting coils in a television camera tube?
• What is the average milliampere (mA) used for fluoroscopy?
• What is the maximum allowable exposure rate when high-level control is provided?
• The duration that the human eye can retain a visual image is called what?
• Which parameter is directly proportional to the exposure delivered to the patient?
• As the distance from the x-ray source increases, how must the dose be adjusted to maintain the same brightness?
• Increasing x-ray tube current results in which of the following?
• How is the squared ratio of input screen to output screen referred to?
• What is the approximate gap width of the magnetic head in most magnetic tape recorders?
• How does radiation intensity vary with distance from the source?
• What is the purpose of minimizing the x-ray beam "on" time during radiographic procedures?
• Zinc-cadmium sulfide intensifiers have a resolving power of what range?
• What is the maximum dose an individual could receive in any one hour in excess of?
• Proper collimation of the fluoroscopic x-ray beam will:
• When using a portable C-arm for an anteroposterior chest view, where is the most scattered radiation?
• In an optical coupling arrangement, which component is closest to the television camera tube?
• What is the primary beneficiary of image intensification in fluoroscopy?
• At a distance of 3 ft. from the head of the table, the radiographer will receive how much exposure during fluoroscopy?
• What does the recording head of the videotape transform the changing electric signal into?
• In a fluoroscopic procedure, what could happen if the beam "on" time is not minimized?
• Which statement is true concerning visible light?
• Which of the following factors does NOT affect patient exposure during radiological procedures?
• If the x-ray tube is moved rapidly during a fluoroscopic examination, what causes the image to blur?
• What does the term 'quantum mottle' refer to in fluoroscopic imaging?
• If at one foot from the radiation source, the intensity of the exposure is 240mR/hour, what would be the total exposure after standing at a distance of 6" for 20 minutes?
• What does modulation of the video signal primarily change in a controlled manner?
• For fluoroscopic equipment with the x-ray tube below the table, the exposure rate is measured how far above the table?
• If the exposure rate of a fluoroscopy tube is 50 R from the tube focus, what will the exposure rate be at a distance of 4 inches?
• What effect does larger x-ray fields have on image quality?
• What is the minimum permissible source-to-skin distance for fluoroscopic procedures?
• Which structure first intercepts light that enters the eye?
• Which component controls the path of electron flow from the photocathode to the output phosphor?
• In fluoroscopy, what is the primary benefit of using automatic brightness control?
• How is the useful or primary beam defined?
• The ratio of the luminance in candelas of the output phosphor to the input exposure rate in milliroentgens/sec defines:
• What is the purpose of collimation in radiology?
• What is the maximum allowable leakage radiation for x-ray tube housing at a distance of 1m from the target?
• What is a key characteristic of modern fluoroscopic imaging systems compared to older systems?
• Which component in the electronic imaging pathway emits electrons?
• Which of the following could be used to increase brightness gain?
• Which variable is directly proportional to the exposure delivered to the patient during a fluoroscopic procedure?
• What is the function of a 'dead man' switch in fluoroscopy?
• Which of the following does NOT need to be posted in areas where x-ray machines are utilized?
• Fluoroscopic operator exposure to scattered radiation is primarily influenced by what factor?
• During a Cine exam at 30 frames/second, what is the approximate skin exposure range?
• What is the normal viewing distance for binocular vision?
• Most x-rays directed toward the patient are:
• Which component controls the electron beam in the television camera tube?
• What is the primary purpose of an image intensifier?
• When switching from a 15 inch to a 19 inch monitor, do the number of horizontal lines change?
• What is a key requirement for operating a fluoroscope?
• What effect does using a well-collimated exposure field have during a fluoroscopic procedure?
• How many scanning lines does each frame of a television picture consist of?
• When moving double the distance from the source of radiation, how much does the dose to the operator decrease?
• At 80 kilovolt peak (kVp), what is the maximum intensity of the x-ray beam allowed at the tabletop for each mA of current?
• How is the electron beam in the television camera tube produced?
• What is the main function of the output phosphor in an image intensifier?
• What is the minimum required thickness of a protective drape for fluoroscopy?
• What is the consequence of forgetting to use the lead shield during a fluoroscopic exam on a patient?
• Which of the following statements is true regarding women employees operating x-ray equipment?
• For fluoroscopic equipment with automatic exposure rate control, the x-ray tube current and potential shall be monitored at least:
• Which of the following defines a "high radiation" area?
• What does the term "blanked" refer to in relation to the electron beam?
• What is the primary purpose of interlaced scanning in video technology?
• To ensure proper eye integration, how frequently must a frame be completed?
• At what frame rate does the fluoroscopic television operate?
• What is the maximum allowable leakage radiation from fluoroscopic tube housing at a distance of one meter?
• What does the term genetic dose refer to?
• What is a key benefit of using an image intensifier during fluoroscopic procedures?
• Where do the electrons cross in the image intensifier tube?
• How does the size of the image intensifier input phosphor compare to that of the output phosphor?
• What is the primary function of the getter circuit in an image intensifier?
• Which of the following factors cannot reduce patient exposure and operator exposure?
• What happens to the exposure rate when only the center portion of an input screen is visualized?
• What is the primary function of the automatic brightness control mechanism in an image intensified fluoroscopic system?
• What component in the image intensifier adjusts the field from standard to magnification mode?
• What is the purpose of the primary beam in radiography?
• What aspect of video recording is affected by the amplitude modulation process?
• What does the central portion of the image fluorescent possess the greatest of?
• When automatic exposure rate control is used, the useful beam exposure rate shall be measured with how much water intercepting the useful beam?
• How much dose is represented by 300 ergs absorbed by 3 grams of tissue?
• Which material is commonly used in modern image intensifiers for the input fluorescent screen layer?
• Which part of the eye is known as the region of greatest visual acuity?
• What factor directly affects patient exposure during fluoroscopy without automatic exposure controls?
• Fluoroscopic equipment with AEC control shall not exceed which of the following combinations of tube potential and current?
• During conventional fluoroscopic exams, which type of vision is predominantly used?
• How is resolving power typically expressed in fluoroscopic imaging?
• What type of radiation is primarily used in fluoroscopy?
• In an image intensified fluoroscopy system, what happens to the exposure rate when switching to magnification mode?
• What type of radiation does the input screen in an image intensifier respond to?
• In image intensification, what is the role of the output screen?
• In image intensifiers, what is referred to as minification?
• What is one requirement for x-ray tube housing in a diagnostic type fluoroscopic tube?
• What device converts light energy into electrons in an image intensifier?
• The radiation exposure rate at the output phosphor will increase with:
• What is the maximum exposure limit for portable intensified fluoroscopy at the tabletop?
• If an x-ray tube delivers 3 milliroentgen per 1 mAs at 40 inches of distance, what will be the radiation output at 80 inches of distance?
• Why is it important to monitor the exposure level of x-ray operators and patients?
• What is the approximate dose to a patient's gonads resulting from a barium enema exam?
• The output phosphor converts electrons into:
• How is the electron beam of the television camera tube connected with the television monitor?
• Why should a protection curtain be used during radiographic procedures?
• What primarily defines the output quality of a fluoroscopy system?
• Which properties are associated more with cones than rods?
• Film badges are used by radiation workers mainly because?
• Which of the following statements regarding radiation exposure is accurate?
• How often must the operator monitor the tube current and potential?
• Which of the following can be considered a primary barrier when using a fluoroscopic unit?
• Which of the following is not required on mobile fluoroscopic equipment?
• What happens to the skin dose when the TPD is shorter?
• What does kVp stand for, and why is it crucial in radiology?
• The bucky slot cover/protective curtain should have at least how much equivalent material?
• Which component is responsible for sending the video signal in a television camera?
• Which safety measure is crucial for all fluoroscopic procedures to minimize radiation exposure?
• What is the required lead equivalent of the bucky slot cover used during fluoroscopy?
• What technique is generally preferred during conventional fluoroscopic examinations?
• With higher kVp, what happens to the radiation exposure rate at the patient?
• The electronic image produced at the input side of a television camera is also called?
• What is the minification ratio of a 14-inch image intensification tube?
• Which of the following is not an acceptable way to decrease operator exposure during fluoroscopy?
• The effectiveness of the x-ray beam can be greatly influenced by which of the following factors?
• The typical mA setting for fluoroscopy should be less than:
• Which factor does NOT influence the radiosensitivity of the body?
• Which of the following factors influences operator dose the most during fluoroscopy?
• Distortion that occurs with an image intensifier tube showing a low density image at the periphery is called:
• What effect does a low kilovolt peak (kVp) have during a fluoroscopic examination?
• What is the time required by the eye to recognize an image referred to as?
• Image quality with an image intensifier improves when the x-ray beam is tightly collimated because of which reason?
• Why does the intensity of radiation vary inversely to the square of the distance?
• To prevent light from scattering back, where is a thin sheet of aluminum placed?
• Which method is used to determine the dose delivered by a specific amount of absorbed ergs?
• To ensure patient safety, what must be carefully monitored during fluoroscopy?
• Which statement about the dead man type exposure switch is true?
• What is the maximum exposure rate for fluoroscopic equipment manufactured after August 1, 1974?
• What factors contribute to the total brightness gain of an image intensifier?
• What is the most common accepted value for integration time?
• What does increasing tube current in fluoroscopy primarily improve?
• Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a quality assurance program?
• What directly influences table-top exposure rate?
• Increasing the TPD from 12 to 18 inches will reduce the skin entrance exposure by what percentage?
• What is the normal view distance for optimal binocular vision?
• What is a disadvantage of using a pocket dosimeter?
• Doubling the exposure field in fluoroscopy will result in how much increase in patient exposure?
• What is the ability of the image intensifier to record line pairs called?
• If the x-ray tube is positioned above the table, at what distance above the table should the exposure rate be measured?
• As illumination increases, what happens to visual acuity?
• What is the required potential difference to accelerate the electron stream in an image intensifier?